What is exception chaining in Java?

Exception chaining is the technique of handling exceptions by re-throwing a caught exception after wrapping it inside a new exception. This is very helpful in wrapping unchecked exceptions into a checked exception. The entire trace of errors is captured in the stacktrace of the exception.

The below constructors of Throwable class support chained exceptions in java :

• Throwable(Throwable cause), cause is the exception that causes the current exception.
• Throwable(String msg, Throwable cause), where msg is the exception message and cause is the exception that causes the current exception.

The below methods support chained exception.

• getCause() method :- This method returns actual cause of an exception.
• initCause(Throwable cause) method :- This method sets the cause for the calling exception.

The following example shows how to use a chained exception.

try {

} catch (IOException e) {
    throw new AnotherWrappedSampleException("Other IOException", e);
}

In this example, when an IOException is caught, a new AnotherWrappedSampleException exception is created with the original cause attached and the chain of exceptions is thrown up to the next higher level exception handler.

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