What are Environment Groups and how does routing work in Apigee?

Environment Groups define the hostnames that route incoming API traffic to a set of environments. They are the mechanism by which Apigee maps a public URL hostname to one or more environments for request routing.

# Create an environment group with a hostname:
gcloud apigee envgroups create prod-group \
  --hostnames="api.example.com" \
  --organization=my-org

# Attach environments to the group:
gcloud apigee envgroups attachments create \
  --envgroup=prod-group \
  --environment=prod \
  --organization=my-org

# DNS configuration:
# api.example.com  CNAME  <apigee-external-ip>.nip.io
# Or: create an A record pointing to the Apigee instance IP

# Virtual host and base path routing:
# Apigee routes requests using:
#   1. The hostname in the HTTP Host header (maps to environment group)
#   2. The base path in the request URL (maps to specific proxy)
#
# Example:
#   https://api.example.com/orders/v1/...  -> orders-proxy (base path /orders/v1)
#   https://api.example.com/products/v1/... -> products-proxy (base path /products/v1)

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