What is a client in SAP terminology?

A client in SAP is a self-contained, logically separate business unit within a single SAP system — identified by a 3-digit number (like 100 or 800) — that has its own independent set of master data, transaction data, and customizing settings, even though it shares the same underlying software installation and database.

This is different from a general software "client" (like a client-server relationship); in SAP, multiple clients typically exist within one system to separate environments — for example, one client for development, one for quality testing, and one for production — or to separate distinct legal entities within the same company that shouldn't share data. Logging into SAP always requires specifying which client you're connecting to, alongside your username and password.

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