DataStructures / Cyber Security Interview Questions
What is the difference between Symmetric and Asymmetric Encryption?
| Symmetric Encryption | Asymmetric Encryption |
| Uses a single shared key for encryption and decryption | Uses a public/private key pair |
| Fast, suited for encrypting large volumes of data | Slower, suited for small data like keys or signatures |
| Key distribution is a challenge since both parties need the same secret | No shared secret needed; the public key can be shared openly |
| Examples: AES, ChaCha20 | Examples: RSA, ECC |
In practice, systems like TLS combine both: asymmetric encryption securely exchanges a symmetric session key during the handshake, then symmetric encryption handles the actual bulk data transfer because it's far faster.
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