DataStructures / Cyber Security Interview Questions
Which is better and why: Signature-based or Behavior-based Malware Detection?
| Signature-based | Behavior-based |
| Matches files against a database of known malware fingerprints | Watches what a program actually does at runtime |
| Fast and low false-positive rate for known threats | Can catch previously unseen, zero-day malware |
| Blind to new or modified malware not yet in the database | Higher risk of false positives on unusual but legitimate software |
| Requires frequent signature updates | Requires baseline profiling and tuning |
Neither approach is strictly better in isolation. Signature-based detection is efficient and reliable against known, widespread threats, while behavior-based detection is essential for catching zero-day and fileless malware that has no signature yet. Most modern endpoint protection platforms layer both together rather than choosing one over the other.
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