What is the JUnit 6 architecture and what are its three main components?

JUnit 6 retains the three-tier architecture introduced in JUnit 5, with one key change: all three components now share a single unified version number instead of having separate version schemes.

<!-- Maven BOM: single version for all modules in JUnit 6 -->
<dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit-bom</artifactId>
      <version>6.1.1</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
    <!-- Version resolved by BOM: 6.1.1 -->
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

<!-- JUnit 5 used different version numbers:
     Platform: 1.x.x
     Jupiter:  5.x.x
     Vintage:  5.x.x

     JUnit 6: all three use 6.x.x -->

Key change from JUnit 5: in JUnit 5, the Platform used version 1.x.x while Jupiter and Vintage used 5.x.x. This caused confusion in dependency management. JUnit 6 unifies all three under the same 6.x.x version, making BOM usage straightforward and eliminating version mismatch errors.

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